Financial History Issue 112 (Winter 2015) | Page 40

his coat there and returned at the end of the trading day to talk shop and trade stories over a single-malt whiskey or a cold beer.” Quoting Rich Adamonis, the NYSE senior vice president of corporate communications at the time, Edmonston continued: The Club’s board, members and staff, with the support of Exchange management, have done their utmost in recent years to maintain the viability of the Luncheon Club, which has been a prominent fixture at the Exchange for more than 100 years. It will be missed. But perhaps Facchine sums it up best: “The SELC has a very prominent place in the history of US capitalism, and I would suspect it is due to the healthy competition and camaraderie that ran through the lineage of its members.”  Bart Ward is CEO of the Investment Advisory firm of Ward & Company, Ltd. Since 1993 he has written the weekly Wall Street history and market-oriented column, “The Corner.” He has his degree in history from UCLA. Sources: Cashin, Arthur D. A View of Wall Street from the Seventh Floor. Greenwich Publishing Group, Inc. 1999 Edmonston, Peter. “Where Wall Street Meets to Eat, the Last Lunch.” The New York Times. April 28, 2006. Stock Exchange Luncheon Club. “The Stock Exchange Luncheon Club: Recollections, 1898–2006.” DVD, 2006. Wheeler, Steven. “A Down-Town Lunch-Room, 1888.” NYSE Exchanges. January 15, 2013. America on the Bargain Counter continued from page 15 the New York Stock Exchange topped one million shares; in 1922, there were 116. In 1922, the Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 21.5% and the Dow Jones Railroad Index 15.5%. Passenger car production was up by 63%, to 1.83 million, and passenger car registrations were up by 16.2%, to 10.9 million. There was a reciprocal decline in railroad passenger service of 6.6%. As the tractor was overtaking the horse, so was the automobile displacing the passenger train. The number of corporations reporting net income in excess of $100,000 jumped by 66.3%, to 8,864. Daily newspaper circulation was up by 5% (to 29.8 million); strong, as well, were newspaper advertising lineage and advertising rates. There were unmistakable signs of prosperity in the patterns of American migration. In 1922, 309,556 people immigrated to the United States, which was down by 496,000, or 62%, from 1921, the year of the restrictive Quota Act. More telling of the change in economic fortunes was the drop in emigration: 198,712 persons chose to leave the United States in 1922, 19.8% fewer than in 1921. Nominal wage rates continued to fall in 1922. Average hourly rates in manufacturing industries dropped to 49 cents an hour from 52 cents an hour in 1921, a decline of 5.8%. The stock market evidently intuited the fact that, in 1922, productivity leapt even as wage rates declined. In this year of recovery, overall manufacturing output matched the volume of 1920, while total employment was the lowest since 1915. The result was a 20% surge in output per person, the largest ever recorded up until that time. In fact, nothing in the 20th century had come close. Business activity had slumped to one degree or another in 1904, 1908, 1911 and 1914. Increases in productivity in the years following those declensions were, respectively, 9%, 8%, 11% and 8%. The year 1922 stood alone. What accounts for the power of the 1922 rebound? Fast-paced replenishment of depleted inventories is one reason. Easier money — lower interest rates brought about by the influx of gold and the relaxation of Federal Reserve monetary policy — is a second. The very deflation of 1920–21 is a third. For those with money to spend, the dollar bought more of nearly everything, from cars to commodities to common stocks. “From practically all angles,” judged the Wall Street Journal in a New Year’s Day 1923 retrospective, “1922 can be recorded as the renaissance of prosperity.”   38    FINANCIAL HISTORY  |  Winter 2015  | www.MoAF.org James Grant is the founder and editor of Grant’s Interest Rate Observer, a twice-monthly journal of the investment markets. He is also the author of five books on finance and financial history. Thi