Financial History Issue 130 (Summer 2019) | Page 36

WHERE ARE THEY NOW? Paine, Webber, Jackson & Curtis By Susie J. Pak The son of a clergyman, William Alfred Paine was born in Massachusetts in 1855. His father, Reverend Albert Paine, a Massachusetts native, was a clergyman who served as a chaplain in the Civil War. Paine was educated in public schools in Massachusetts, Wisconsin and Illinois as his family moved to the West and the Midwest. They eventually returned to the East Coast, and when Paine was about 18 years old, he started working as a clerk in the Blackstone National Bank of Boston in 1873. Paine & Webber (f. 1880, Boston) In 1880, William A. Paine founded the firm of Paine & Webber in Boston with partner Wallace G. Webber. A Massachu- setts native, Wallace Gleason Webber was educated in public schools in Bedford and a commercial college in Boston. His father, Marcus B. Webber, was a Massachusetts native and a grocer by trade. Like Paine, Wallace Webber had also worked as a clerk at the Blackstone National Bank. He started at the bank in 1874 as a messenger. Photograph of the offices of Paine, Webber & Co., circa 1920. Paine, Webber & Co. (f. 1881, Boston) When Charles H. Paine, William’s older brother, joined the firm in 1881, the firm changed its name to Paine, Webber & Company. Wallace G. Webber became a member of the Boston Stock Exchange that year. In 1890, Charles H. Paine pur- chased a seat on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The firm was badly hit by the Panic of 1893, but it survived because it had made a fortunate invest- ment in the copper industry. In 1898, William Paine also founded the Copper Range Company, in which he remained president until his death in 1929. In 1894, Wallace G. Webber retired from the firm, but his name continued to be used in the partnership. Charles H. Paine retired in 1906, and his seat was transferred to Wil- liam A. Paine in 1905. William A. Paine remained the head of the firm until 1929 when he suddenly died. His seat on the NYSE was then transferred to Herbert I. Foster, who joined the firm in 1898 and became a partner in 1902. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the firm expanded by opening offices, first in the Midwest, and as it grew, admit- ted partners and joined more exchanges, also starting in the Midwest. It opened an office in Houghton, Michigan, a cop- per mining town, in 1899. It opened a 34    FINANCIAL HISTORY  |  Summer 2019  | www.MoAF.org Minneapolis office and a Duluth, Min- nesota office in 1902, a Detroit office in 1909, a Chicago office and a Worcester, Massachusetts office in 1915, a New York office, a Minneapolis office, and a Spring- field, Massachusetts office in 1916, a St. Paul, Minnesota office in 1917, a Phila- delphia office, a New Haven office, and an Albany office in 1918, a Grand Rapids office in 1919, a Providence office and a Syracuse office in 1922, a Concord, New Hampshire office in 1927, a Cleveland office and a Flint, Michigan office in 1928. Leonard D. Draper became a partner in 1907. Edward J. Furlong and M.J. O’Brien became partners in 1916. The firm joined the Chicago Board of Trade in 1909 and the Chicago Stock Exchange in 1916. Wil- liam A. Paine’s son, Francis Ward Paine, a 1910 Yale University and 1911 University of Wisconsin graduate, joined the firm in 1919. His other son, Stephen Paine, a 1920 Harvard graduate, became a partner in 1928. By 1930, the firm had 1,300 employ- ees, 14 partners and 25 offices. During the Great Depression, the firm suf- fered the decline in the brokerage industry and reduced its offices to 19. Even more seriously, the firm was also caught up in a securities fraud scandal in the late 1930s that led to the conviction of Stephen Paine for mail fraud in January 1939. Paine had allowed three associates—who were not